Reference List
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2. Andreux PA, et al. The mitophagy activator urolithin A is safe and induces a molecular signature of improved mitochondrial and cellular health in humans. Nature Metabolism. 2019;1:595-603. DOI: 10.1038/s42255-019-0073-4. Open paper/source
3. Singh A, et al. Direct supplementation with Urolithin A overcomes limitations of dietary exposure and gut microbiome variability in healthy adults to achieve consistent levels across the population. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2022;76:297-308. DOI: 10.1038/s41430-021-00950-1. Open paper/source
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5. Singh A, et al. Urolithin A improves muscle strength, exercise performance, and biomarkers of mitochondrial health in a randomized trial in middle-aged adults. Cell Reports Medicine. 2022;3:100633. DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2022.100633. Open paper/source
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7. Denk D, et al. Effect of the mitophagy inducer urolithin A on age-related immune decline: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Nature Aging. 2025;5:2309-2322. DOI: 10.1038/s43587-025-00996-x. Author correction published 2026; DOI: 10.1038/s43587-025-01060-4. Open paper/source
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10. D’Amico D, et al. Topical application of Urolithin A slows intrinsic skin aging and protects from UVB-mediated photodamage: Findings from Randomized Clinical Trials. medRxiv preprint. 2023. DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.16.23291378. Preprint: not peer reviewed as at 21st July 2026. Open paper/source
11. Heilman J, et al. Safety assessment of Urolithin A, a metabolite produced by the human gut microbiota upon dietary intake of plant derived ellagitannins and ellagic acid. Food and Chemical Toxicology. 2017;108:289-297. DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.07.050. Open paper/source
12. US Food and Drug Administration. Agency Response Letter, GRAS Notice No. GRN 000791: Urolithin A. 20 December 2018. FDA response: no questions regarding the notifier’s GRAS conclusion for specified food uses. This letter does not approve health claims. Open paper/source
13. UK Food Standards Agency. Register of regulated product applications: Urolithin A, RP1777. Status shown as in progress at the review date. Open paper/source
14. Advisory Committee on Novel Foods and Processes. 173rd meeting materials and minutes: Urolithin A RP1777. The committee identified information gaps and requested further information. Open paper/source
15. Department of Health and Social Care. Great Britain nutrition and health claims register. Updated 19 May 2026. Only authorised claims in the register may be used in Great Britain. Open paper/source
16. Food Standards Agency. Regulated products application guidance. Regulated products requiring authorisation must complete risk analysis and receive market authorisation before sale. Open paper/source
17. UK Government. Food labelling and packaging: nutrition, health claims and supplement labelling. Open paper/source
18. UK Government. Regulation 1223/2009 and the Cosmetic Products Enforcement Regulations 2013: Great Britain guidance. Open paper/source
19. Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency. A guide to what is a medicinal product, Guidance Note 8. 2026 edition. Open paper/source
20. European Commission. Application for the approval of Urolithin A as a novel food, application summary 2018/0538, Amazentis SA. Open paper/source
21. European Commission. Union list of authorised novel foods. Urolithin A did not appear in the searchable Union-list page reviewed on 21 July 2026; the Commission separately lists the 2018 application. Open paper/source